http://ijaers.com/ Open Access international Journal to publish research paper en-us This study explores the transformation of Kashi Kari, a traditional architectural tile art, into contemporary modular fashion. Known for its complex geometric patterns, structured symmetry, and vibrant color schemes, Kashi Kari has historically been used in monumental architecture such as tombs, mosques, and civic buildings. The craft embodies local identity, cultural memory, and artisanal knowledge, making it a key source of inspiration in modern design fields. The research examines the integration of Kashi Kari's traditional motifs, patterns, and color schemes into modular fashion, characterized by detachable, reconfigurable, and sustainable clothing components. Drawing structural and visual inspiration from four architectural landmarks—Shah Mosque (Iran), Blue Mosque (Turkey), Hassan II Mosque (Morocco), and Blue Mosque of Mazar-e-Sharif (Afghanistan)—this study analyzes their tile patterns and signature colors of cobalt blue, turquoise, mustard yellow, and white. The study demonstrates how modular fashion can preserve cultural heritage while providing modern functionality and global relevance. By combining traditional craftsmanship with innovative design, the research aims to bridge the gap between cultural storytelling and contemporary fashion systems, emphasizing sustainable design principles. http://ijaers.com/detail/culture-adaptation-and-transformation-of-traditional-kashi-kari-with-modular-concept/ Mahnoor Munir, Dr. Xinhua Li, Simran Khan http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/1IJAERS-0520264-Culture.pdf This study takes the second law of thermodynamics as its theoretical foundation to deeply analyze the specific manifestations of energy degradation in daily life and systematically explore coping strategies. By combining literature review with theoretical analysis, we investigate the mechanisms of energy degradation in fields such as household appliances, transportation, energy conversion, and ecosystems. The research reveals that energy degradation is ubiquitous in all aspects of daily life; its essence is the irreversible transformation process of energy revealed by the second law of thermodynamics. This phenomenon not only leads to reduced energy utilization efficiency but is also closely related to energy waste and environmental thermal pollution. To delay energy degradation, comprehensive strategies are proposed at three levels: technological, behavioral, and systemic. These strategies aim to improve energy utilization efficiency and contribute to achieving the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. This study holds significant importance for deepening public understanding of the laws of energy degradation and promoting the popularization of scientific energy-saving concepts. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-review-of-the-manifestations-and-coping-strategies-of-energy-degradation-in-daily-life-based-on-the-second-law-of-thermodynamics/ Ber-Lin Zhou, Yan-Zuo Chang, Zi-Feng Dai, Tian-Lin Zhang, Ming-Shen Huang, Hai-yu Liu, Jia-xu Lin http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/2IJAERS-0620263-AReview.pdf Amid global energy restructuring toward low-carbon development and the steady advancement of China’s dual-carbon strategic layout, industrial energy consumption consistently occupies a high proportion in total social energy usage. Mass quantities of low-grade residual heat generated during industrial production are directly discharged without effective recycling, which not only creates massive energy wastage but also aggravates regional greenhouse gas pollution and environmental load. By upgrading heat pump thermal utilization technologies, low-temperature low-quality residual heat can be captured and upgraded into high-grade heat medium suitable for factory production, which has become a core technical route to realize industrial energy conservation, carbon emission reduction and graded exploitation of residual heat resources. This paper comprehensively sorts out domestic and overseas existing research findings plus practical engineering examples, and conducts systematic reviews on full-chain core technologies linking industrial residual heat recycling and heat pump matching integration. Relevant research progress is classified from five dimensions including residual heat inherent properties, heat pump working principles, system matching schemes, core component technologies and multi-industry practical applications. The paper objectively summarizes existing technical bottlenecks, divergent academic viewpoints and blank research fields of current technologies. Combined with relevant industrial policy orientation, the paper further forecasts the development trend of high-temperature heat pump equipment, digital intelligent linkage and multi-energy complementary integrated technologies. Relevant research conclusions can provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for efficient recycling of industrial residual heat and low-carbon upgrading of manufacturing industries. http://ijaers.com/detail/industrial-waste-heat-recovery-and-heat-pump-system-integration-a-critical-review/ Ze-Yang Chen, Yan-Zuo Chang, Shun-Tian Huang, Zi-Shuo Liu, Hong-Yi Chen, Geng-Wen Cai, Hong-Fei Wu, Lin-Tao He, Zheng-Bo Hou http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/3IJAERS-0620265-Industrial.pdf Small centrifugal pumps are core basic equipment for fluid transport, waste heat circulation, and cooling systems in energy and power engineering. Consequently, internal cavitation flow represents the most prominent fluid dynamics problem restricting their efficiency, stability, and service life. More precisely, cavitation is a typical gas-liquid two-phase unsteady flow phenomenon involving complex physical mechanisms such as liquid vaporization, bubble growth, shedding, collapse, and the evolution of multi-scale vortex structures. It is evident from industrial statistical data that approximately 30% of small pump failures are directly or indirectly related to cavitation, efficiency reductions caused by cavitation can reach 20%-40%, and severe cavitation erosion can shorten impeller life by more than 50%. This paper therefore provides a systematic and rigorous review of the current application status of fluid dynamics theory and numerical simulation methods in cavitation mechanism analysis, flow loss identification, and structural optimization. From this review, several important conclusions can be drawn naturally and appropriately: hybrid RANS-LES models can improve flow resolution accuracy in cavitation regions by 30%-50% compared with conventional URANS models in strongly curved flow passages; deep learning-based vibration/acoustic signal recognition methods have already achieved diagnostic accuracy above 95% for incipient cavitation; and a lightweight Vision Transformer model achieves 100% recognition accuracy for eight cavitation states under multi-noise environments, with a single inference time of only 15.4 milliseconds. However, it is undeniable that clear and prominent research bottlenecks still remain in this field: turbulence-cavitation coupling models have insufficient capability in capturing cross-scale vortex structures, multi-field coupled simulation systems are not yet mature, the cavitation evolution law under variable operating conditions lacks quantitative description, and the intelligence level of optimization design needs to be improved. Accordingly, the future development trends are very clear: cross-scale refined CFD simulation, construction of multi-field coupling systems, precise optimization for energy saving and loss reduction based on entropy production theory, and intelligent simulation optimization with deep integration of fluid dynamics and artificial intelligence. This paper provides excellent theoretical reference value for hydraulic performance optimization, cavitation suppression design, and high-efficiency energy-saving renovation of small fluid power equipment. http://ijaers.com/detail/cavitation-flow-mechanisms-and-fluid-dynamics-optimization-trends-in-small-water-pumps/ Shi-da Zhang, Yan-Zuo Chang, Zi-An Wang, Yu-Xuan Chen, Zhen-Ming Chen, Xiao-Feng Zhu, Shu-Wei Huang, Gao-Xiong Xie, Jun-Cai Xie http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/4IJAERS-0620264-Cavitation.pdf In recent years, the central air conditioning industry has seen extensive technological advances, covering compressor technology, system energy efficiency optimization, intelligent control and other fields. Breakthroughs have been achieved in energy-saving technologies including magnetic levitation compressors, variable and wide-frequency operation modes, integrated heat pump and heat recovery systems, as well as independent temperature and humidity control. In terms of intelligent control, AI-enabled load forecasting, online optimization and digital twin technology have also made remarkable progress. Meanwhile, the replacement of environmentally friendly refrigerants and the trend of copper reduction in materials are steadily advancing, exerting profound impacts on the industrial supply chain. Relevant research indicates an obvious integration of two technical routes: continuous improvement of hardware energy efficiency, and in-depth integration of intelligent control technologies into systems. This dual transformation is upgrading products from standalone units to system-level solutions, and shifting business models from one-time equipment sales to long-term operation and maintenance services. However, the intersection of technological development also brings challenges, such as difficulties in implementing standards for high-efficiency machine rooms, generalization deviations of AI algorithms in actual building scenarios, and complex renovation demands in the existing market. This paper also prospects the potential paths of technological evolution. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-review-on-key-technologies-of-central-air-conditioning-compressors-heat-recovery-and-ai-driven-control/ Tao-Ze Huang, Yan-Zuo Chang, Gui-Fan Chen, Chang-Bin Chen, Yu-Cong Luo, Huhao, Yan-Lin Zhang, Jia-Lin Liu, Wen-Min Wen http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/5IJAERS-0620266-AReview.pdf Whether the green energy transition can be successfully implemented directly determines the realization of the dual carbon goals. This paper reviews relevant domestic research from 2010 to 2025, employing a framework of "timeline + technology classification + problem dimension." The study period is divided into two phases: the scale expansion phase from 2010 to 2020, and the system integration phase from 2020 to 2025. Within each phase, the analysis is further organized from three perspectives: power generation technology, energy storage, and market mechanisms. The review reveals that before 2020, research primarily focused on reducing the costs of new energy and expanding its scale, with development largely driven by policy subsidies. Following the introduction of the dual carbon goals, scholarly attention shifted toward system level issues, including the integration of grid connected renewable power, the underutilization of installed energy storage capacity, and the coupling between electricity markets and carbon markets. Several controversies persist in the academic community, such as whether the phenomenon of "storage built but not used" is temporary or structural, what role nuclear power should play in the new energy system, and what standards should be adopted to measure energy system costs. In addition, existing research has several notable limitations: slow data updating, an overemphasis on the power sector while neglecting industrial heat supply, the nascent stage of research on the impacts of extreme weather events, and the masking of inter provincial differences by aggregated average data. Future research should place greater emphasis on empirical analysis of high penetration renewable power systems, quantification of supply demand matching for long duration energy storage, the coupling mechanisms among multiple markets, and the enhancement of energy system resilience under extreme weather conditions. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-study-on-the-current-status-of-green-energy-development-in-the-context-of-dual-carbon-goals/ Peng Wang, Yan-Zuo Chang, Jun-Gang Lai, Guo-Feng Li, Xu-Lin Ouyang, Xin-Fu Zeng, Peng-Cheng Shu, Hong-Rui Yang, De-Jiang Zhang http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/6IJAERS-0620267-AStudy.pdf